Multiple delivery traffic indication map (DTIM) per device within single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications

ABSTRACT

Communications are coordinated between different respective wireless communication device groups in a multiple delivery traffic indication map (DTIM) per device signaling scheme. Different respective wireless communication devices (e.g., wireless stations (STAs)) may communicate with a manager/coordinator wireless communication device (e.g., access point (AP)) at different times and for different reasons. The manager/coordinator wireless communication device generates and transmits beacons to the wireless communication devices specifying times during which communications may be supported with the manager/coordinator wireless communication device. A restricted access window (RAW) information element (IE) within a beacon includes at least one restricted access window (RAW) to specify a wireless communication device authorized to communicate with the manager/coordinator wireless communication device. Different wireless communication device groups may communicate with the manager/coordinator wireless communication device at different periodicities, and any one wireless communication device may be included in more than one wireless communication device group.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENTS/PATENT APPLICATIONS

The present U.S. Utility Patent Application claims priority pursuant to35 U.S.C. §120 as a continuation of U.S. Utility application Ser. No.13/911,877, entitled “Multiple delivery traffic indication map (DTIM)per device within single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/orMIMO wireless communications,” Jun. 6, 2013, pending, and scheduledsubsequently to be issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,179,502 on Nov. 3, 2015 (asindicated in an ISSUE NOTIFICATION mailed from the USPTO on Oct. 14,2015), which claims priority pursuant to 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S.Provisional Application No. 61/660,789, entitled “Multiple deliverytraffic indication map (DTIM) per device within single user, multipleuser, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications,” filed Jun.17, 2012; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/826,744,entitled “Multiple delivery traffic indication map (DTIM) per devicewithin single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wirelesscommunications,” filed May 23, 2013, all of which are herebyincorporated herein by reference in their entirety and made part of thepresent U.S. Utility Patent Application for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems; and,more particularly, to signaling within single user, multiple user,multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications.

Description of Related Art

Communication systems support wireless and wire lined communicationsbetween wireless and/or wire lined communication devices. The systemscan range from national and/or international cellular telephone systems,to the Internet, to point-to-point in-home wireless networks and canoperate in accordance with one or more communication standards. Forexample, wireless communication systems may operate in accordance withone or more standards including, but not limited to, IEEE 802.11x (wherex may be various extensions such as a, b, n, g, etc.), Bluetooth,advanced mobile phone services (AMPS), digital AMPS, global system formobile communications (GSM), etc., and/or variations thereof.

In some instances, wireless communication is made between a transmitter(TX) and receiver (RX) using single-input-single-output (SISO)communication. Another type of wireless communication issingle-input-multiple-output (SIMO) in which a single TX processes datainto RF signals that are transmitted to a RX that includes two or moreantennae and two or more RX paths.

Yet an alternative type of wireless communication ismultiple-input-single-output (MISO) in which a TX includes two or moretransmission paths that each respectively converts a correspondingportion of baseband signals into RF signals, which are transmitted viacorresponding antennae to a RX. Another type of wireless communicationis multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) in which a TX and RX eachrespectively includes multiple paths such that a TX parallel processesdata using a spatial and time encoding function to produce two or morestreams of data and a RX receives the multiple RF signals via multipleRX paths that recapture the streams of data utilizing a spatial and timedecoding function.

A manager or coordinator wireless communication device (such as anaccess point (AP)) may support communications with different respectivewireless communication devices (e.g., wireless stations (STAs)) atdifferent respective times. Also, a manager or coordinator wirelesscommunication device may support communications with any one wirelesscommunication device for very different reasons at different times.Ineffective coordination of such communications within a wirelesscommunication system reduces the overall system's throughput andperformance. Also, an individual wireless communication device'sperformance also suffers with inefficient and poorly coordinated use ofthe communication medium (e.g., air in a wireless context).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one or more embodiments of a wirelesscommunication system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating one or more embodiments of a wirelesscommunication device that includes a computing core and an associatedradio.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a number of wirelesscommunication devices, some operative as smart meter stations (SMSTAs).

FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example of communications betweenwireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system.

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating another example of communicationsbetween wireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system.

FIG. 4C is a diagram illustrating yet another example of communicationsbetween wireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system.

FIG. 4D is a diagram illustrating yet another example of communicationsbetween wireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of beacons that may includemore than one delivery traffic indication message (DTIM) sub-structure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a restricted accesswindow (RAW) information element (IE), within a beacon management frame,that includes per group DTIM information.

FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of a RAW IE, within a beacon managementframe, that indicates sub-beacon interval (sub-BI) periodicity.

FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a RAW IE, within a beacon managementframe, that includes a group repetition count (GRC) and/or grouprepetition period (GRP) added present bit and/or information.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method for executionby one or more wireless communication devices.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one or more embodiments of a wirelesscommunication system 100. The wireless communication system 100 includesbase stations and/or access points 112-116, wireless communicationdevices 118-132 (e.g., wireless stations (STAs)), and a network hardwarecomponent 134. The wireless communication devices 118-132 may be laptopcomputers, or tablets, 118 and 126, personal digital assistant 120 and130, personal computer 124 and 132 and/or cellular telephone 122 and128. The details of an embodiment of such wireless communication devicesare described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2.

The base stations (BSs) or access points (APs) 112-116 are operablycoupled to the network hardware 134 via local area network connections136, 138, and 140. The network hardware 134, which may be a router,switch, bridge, modem, system controller, etc., provides a wide areanetwork connection 142 for the communication system 100. Each of thebase stations or access points 112-116 has an associated antenna orantenna array to communicate with the wireless communication devices inits area. Typically, the wireless communication devices register with aparticular base station or access point 112-116 to receive services fromthe communication system 100. For direct connections (i.e.,point-to-point communications), wireless communication devicescommunicate directly via an allocated channel.

Within such a wireless communication system 100, a manager orcoordinator wireless communication device may support differentcommunications with other wireless communication devices. The manager orcoordinator wireless communication device can support different devicesat different times as well as communicate with any one or more devicesfor different purposes at different times. Generally, suchcommunications between wireless communication devices may be referred toas streams or flows.

Multiple respective streams or data flows are supported between amanager or coordinator wireless communication device and various otherwireless communication devices (e.g., wireless stations (STAs), smartmeter stations (SMSTAs), etc.) within a given wireless communicationnetwork (e.g., a basic services set (BSS), etc.). In addition, asingular other wireless communication device can support communicationsusing more than one respective stream or data flow (e.g., differentflows for different purposes). Streams or data flows correspond toupstream and/or downstream communications made at appropriate timesand/or in response to or based on various considerations, events, and/orconditions.

For example, a given SMSTA may operate by waking up periodically (e.g.,every N seconds) to receive a given downlink stream from the manager orcoordinator wireless communication device. Alternatively, a given SMSTAmay operate by waking up every N1 seconds to receive a first downlinkstream, every N2 seconds to receive a second downlink stream, etc.Different streams can be supported between wireless communicationdevices for different reasons (e.g., metering/sensing uplink datatransfers, downlink metering/sensing instructions, management frameexchanges, etc.).

In another example, a given SMSTA may operate by waking up every N1seconds to receive a first downlink stream, every N2 seconds to receivea second downlink stream, and every N3 seconds to transmit an uplinkstream (e.g., to an access point (AP)), etc. Again, any one wirelesscommunication device may support communications with a manager orcoordinator wireless communication device via different streams (e.g.,using and supporting different functionalities associated with differentstreams).

Differentiation and coordination of such communications between themanager or coordinator wireless communication device and the variouswireless communication devices ensures effective use of thecommunication medium (e.g., one or more communication channels of afrequency spectrum that is conveyed via air) as well as ensureseffective operation of the respective wireless communication devices.Some SMSTAs are energy constrained (e.g., battery powered) and properscheduling to enter into and exit from sleep or reduced power state canextend a device's operational cycle.

Considering an example with respect to the diagram, BS or AP 116includes per group DTIM functionality to support communications withdifferent respective devices 126, 128, 130, and 132 at different timesand for different reasons. Communications with any one of these devicesmay be supported using different streams or data flows. The BS or AP 116generates and transmits beacons to the devices 126, 128, 130, and 132.These beacons include restricted access window (RAW) informationelements (IEs) that specify a number of RAWs during which the devices126, 128, 130, and 132 communicate with a BS or AP 116. Differentdelivery traffic indication message (DTIM) parameters may be providedfor each respective RAW. For example, a beacon may include aninformation element that is a RAW IE. Such a RAW IE specifies one ormore RAWs during which different respective groups of the devices 126,128, 130, and 132 communicate with the BS or AP 116.

The BS or AP 116 communicates with one or more of the devices 126, 128,130, and 132 (e.g., a first group of devices) during the respective RAWsthat occur within the beacons at a first DTIM periodicity, and with oneor more of the devices 126, 128, 130, and 132 (e.g., a second group ofdevices) during the respective RAWs that occur within the beacons at asecond DTIM periodicity. Considering an example, the BS or AP 116communicates with the first group of devices during RAWs indicated inevery Nth beacon (e.g., where N is an integer), and the BS or AP 116communicates with the second group of devices during RAWs indicated inevery Mth beacon (e.g., where M is an integer). Generally, the BS or AP116 communicates with different respective groups of devices (uplinkand/or downlink) in the various RAWs. A wireless communication devicegroup may include as few as one device, and a device may be in more thanone wireless communication device group. Also, there may be instances inwhich a given RAW may be repeated within a beacon interval, such as whena given wireless communication device group may need more than one RAWwithin a single DTIM period. The different respective DTIM periodicitiesmay be integer multiples of one of the DTIM periods or a base DTIMperiod.

As the BS or AP 116 transmits beacons to the devices 126, 128, 130, and132, communications between the BS or AP 116 and different respectivegroups of those devices 126, 128, 130, and 132 are supported duringthose RAWs specified within the RAW IEs of the beacons. This allows forcoordination of uplink and/or downlink communication between the BS orAP 116 and the devices 126, 128, 130, and 132, as well as an effectiveusage of the communication medium.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating one or more embodiments 200 of awireless communication device 118-132 (e.g., as in FIG. 1) that includesa computing core 225 and an associated radio 260. The computing core 225includes a processing module 250, memory 252, an interface 254, inputinterface 258 and output interface 256. The radio 260 includes aninterface 262, a baseband processing module 264, memory 266, radiofrequency (RF) transmitters (TXs) 268-272, a transmit/receive (T/R)module 274, antennae 282-286, RF receivers (RXs) 276-280, and a localoscillation module 201.

The interfaces 254 and 262 (e.g., buses, connectors, IC traces, IC pins,etc.) allow for data to be communicated between the computing core 225and the radio 260. For data from the radio 260 to the computing core 225(e.g., inbound data), the interface 254 provides the data to theprocessing module 250 for further processing and/or routing to theoutput interface 256. The output interface 256 provides connectivity toone or more output display devices such as a display, monitor, speakers,etc. such that the received data may be displayed. The interface 254also provides data from the processing module 250 to the radio 260. Theprocessing module 250 may receive the outbound data from one or moreinput devices such as a keyboard, keypad, microphone, etc. via the inputinterface 258 or generate the data itself.

The baseband processing module 264 of the radio, in combination withoperational instructions stored in memory 266, execute digital receiverfunctions and digital transmitter functions, respectively. The digitalreceiver functions include, but are not limited to, digital intermediatefrequency to baseband conversion, demodulation, constellation demapping,decoding, de-interleaving, fast Fourier transform, cyclic prefixremoval, space and time decoding, and/or descrambling. The digitaltransmitter functions, as will be described in greater detail withreference to later Figures, include, but are not limited to, scrambling,encoding, interleaving, constellation mapping, modulation, inverse fastFourier transform, cyclic prefix addition, space and time encoding,and/or digital baseband to IF conversion.

In an example of operation, the radio 260 receives outbound data 288from the computing core and, based on a mode selection signal 202,produces one or more outbound symbol streams 290. For example, the modeselection signal 202 may indicate a frequency band of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz,a channel bandwidth of 20 or 22 MHz (e.g., channels of 20 or 22 MHzwidth) and a maximum bit rate of 54 megabits-per-second. In otherembodiments, the channel bandwidth may extend up to 1.28 GHz or widerwith supported maximum bit rates extending to 1 gigabit-per-second orgreater. In this general category, the mode selection signal willfurther indicate a particular rate ranging from 1 megabit-per-second to54 megabits-per-second. In addition, the mode selection signal willindicate a particular type of modulation, which includes, but is notlimited to, Barker Code Modulation, BPSK, QPSK, CCK, 16 QAM and/or 64QAM. Also, in such mode selection tables, a code rate is supplied aswell as number of coded bits per subcarrier (NBPSC), coded bits per OFDMsymbol (NCBPS), data bits per OFDM symbol (NDBPS). The mode selectionsignal may also indicate a particular channelization for thecorresponding mode, which for the information in one of the modeselection tables with reference to another of the mode selection tables.Other types of channels, having different bandwidths, may be employed inother embodiments.

The baseband processing module 264, based on the mode selection signal202 produces the one or more outbound symbol streams 290 from the outputdata 288. For example, if the mode selection signal 202 indicates that asingle transmit antenna is being utilized for the particular mode thathas been selected, the baseband processing module 264 will produce asingle outbound symbol stream 290. Alternatively, if the mode selectionsignal indicates 2, 3 or 4 antennae, the baseband processing module 264will produce 2, 3 or 4 outbound symbol streams 290 corresponding to thenumber of antennae from the output data 288.

Depending on the number of outbound streams 290 produced by the basebandmodule 264, a corresponding number of the RF transmitters 268-272 willbe enabled to convert the outbound symbol streams 290 into outbound RFsignals 292. The transmit/receive module 274 receives the outbound RFsignals 292 and provides each outbound RF signal to a correspondingantenna 282-286.

When the radio 260 is in the receive mode, the transmit/receive module274 receives one or more inbound RF signals via the antennae 282-286.The T/R module 274 provides the inbound RF signals 294 to one or more RFreceivers 276-280. The RF receiver 276-280 converts the inbound RFsignals 294 into a corresponding number of inbound symbol streams 296.The number of inbound symbol streams 296 will correspond to theparticular mode in which the data was received. The baseband processingmodule 264 receives the inbound symbol streams 296 and converts theminto inbound data 298, which is provided to the computing core 225.

In an embodiment, the radio 260 includes a transmitter and a receiver.The transmitter may include a MAC module, a PLCP module, and a PMDmodule. The Medium Access Control (MAC) module, which may be implementedwith the baseband processing module 264, is operably coupled to converta MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU) into a MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) inaccordance with a WLAN protocol. The Physical Layer ConvergenceProcedure (PLCP) Module, which may be implemented in the basebandprocessing module 264, is operably coupled to convert the MPDU into aPLCP Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) in accordance with the WLAN protocol. ThePhysical Medium Dependent (PMD) module is operably coupled to convertthe PPDU into radio frequency (RF) signals in accordance with one of theoperating modes of the WLAN protocol, wherein the operating modesincludes multiple input and multiple output combinations.

An embodiment of the Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) module includes anerror protection module, a demultiplexing module, and directionconversion modules. The error protection module, which may beimplemented in the processing module 264, is operably coupled torestructure a PPDU (PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure) ProtocolData Unit) to reduce transmission errors producing error protected data.The demultiplexing module is operably coupled to divide the errorprotected data into error protected data streams. The direct conversionmodules are operably coupled to convert the error protected data streamsinto radio frequency (RF) signals.

The wireless communication device of FIG. 2 may be implemented using oneor more integrated circuits based on a desired configuration,combination, and/or components, modules, etc. within one or moreintegrated circuits. The wireless communication device also supportscommunications with other devices in a wireless communication systembased upon RAW IEs included within beacons. Accordingly, the wirelesscommunication device of this diagram may be BS or AP, a STA, a SMSTA, orgenerally any device that supports wireless communications.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment 300 of a number ofwireless communication devices, some operative as smart meter stations(SMSTAs), implemented in various locations in an environment including abuilding or structure. Some wireless communication devices may beimplemented to support communications associated with monitoring and/orsensing of any of a variety of different conditions, parameters, etc.Such wireless communication devices provide such sensed/monitoredinformation to one or more other wireless communication devices (e.g.,from the SMSTAs to an AP).

For example, a wireless communication device may be implemented as asmart meter station (SMSTA). A SMSTA has communication functionalitysimilar to a wireless station (STA) and is also operative to performcommunication of monitoring and/or sensing related information. Incertain applications, such devices may operate only very rarely. Forexample, when compared to the periods of time in which such a device isin power savings mode (e.g., a sleep mode, a reduced functionalityoperational mode, a lowered power operational mode, etc.), theoperational periods of time may be miniscule in comparison (e.g., only afew percentage of the periods of time in which the device is in such apower savings mode).

An SMSTA may awaken from such a power savings mode only to performcertain operations. For example, such a device may awaken from such apower savings mode to perform sensing and/or measurement of one or moreparameters, conditions, constraints, etc. During such an operationalperiod (e.g., in which the device is not in a power savings mode), thedevice may also perform transmission of such information to anotherwireless communication device (e.g., an access point (AP), anotherSMSTA, a wireless station (STA), or such an SMSTA or STA operating as anAP, etc.).

In addition and/or in the alternative, a device may enter into anoperational mode for performing sensing and/or monitoring at a frequencythat is different than (e.g., greater than) the frequency at which thedevice enters into an operational mode for performing transmissions. Forexample, such a device may awaken a certain number of times to makesuccessive respective sensing and/or monitoring operations, and suchdata acquired during those operations may be stored (e.g., in a memorystorage component within the device). Then, during a subsequentoperational mode dedicated for transmission of the data, multiple dataportions corresponding to multiple respective sensing and/or monitoringoperations may be transmitted during that operational mode dedicated fortransmission of the data.

In this diagram, multiple respective wireless communication devices areimplemented to forward information related to monitoring and/or sensingto one particular wireless communication device that may be operating asa manager, coordinator, etc. such as may be implemented by an accesspoint (AP) or a wireless station (STA) operating as an AP. Generallyspeaking, such wireless communication devices may be implemented toperform any of a number of data forwarding, monitoring and/or sensingoperations. For example, in the context of a building or structure,there may be a number of services that are provided to that building orstructure, including natural gas service, electrical service, televisionservice, Internet service, etc. Alternatively, different respectivemonitors and/or sensors may be implemented throughout the environment toperform monitoring and/or sensing related to parameters not specificallyrelated to services. As some examples, motion detection, door ajardetection, temperature measurement (and/or other atmospheric and/orenvironmental measurements), etc. may be performed by differentrespective monitors and/or sensors implemented in various locations andfor various purposes.

Different respective monitors and/or sensors may be implemented toprovide information related to such monitoring and/or sensing functionswirelessly to the manager/coordinator wireless communication device.Such information may be provided continuously, sporadically,intermittently, etc. as may be desired in certain applications.

In addition, communications between a manager/coordinator wirelesscommunication device of the different respective monitors and/or sensorsmay be cooperative in accordance with such bidirectional communications,in that, the manager/coordinator wireless communication device maydirect the respective monitors and/or sensors to perform certain relatedfunctions at subsequent times.

Different monitoring/sensing operations may need to be performed atdifferent respective times. For example, gas line metering or sensingmay be performed relatively less frequently than electric servicemetering or sensing. Also, security based sensing, such as detection ofa door or window being ajar, may be critical in nature and preferably beperformed almost continuously. A variety of different communications areprovided to the manager/coordinator wireless communication device fromdifferent sensing devices (e.g., SMSTAs) that perform differentoperations and functions. In this diagram, a manager/coordinatorwireless communication device generates beacons that include RAW IEs andtransmits them to other wireless communication devices (e.g., SMSTAs) inthe system.

The manager/coordinator wireless communication device supportssubsequent communications with the other wireless communication devices(e.g., SMSTAs) on a per group basis. A given group may include as few asone wireless communication device (e.g., one SMSTA). Alternatively, agroup may include more than one wireless communication device, anddifferent groups may include a common wireless communication device. Themanager/coordinator wireless communication device supports subsequentcommunications with the other wireless communication devices (e.g.,SMSTAs) based upon the RAWs specified within the RAW IEs of the beaconsaccording to different respective DTIM periodicities.

The following four diagrams show communication between an AP and anumber of STAs at different respective times. The AP communicates withdifferent respective groups of STAs during each of the respective times.It is noted that a group may include as few as one STA, as many as allSTAs, or any number of the STAs in between.

FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example 401 of communicationsbetween wireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system. This diagram shows communication being supportedbetween the AP and a first group of wireless communication device thatincludes STA1 and STA3.

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating another example 402 of communicationsbetween wireless communication devices in an embodiment of a wirelesscommunication system. This diagram shows communication being supportedbetween the AP and a second group of wireless communication devices thatincludes STA2 and STAn.

FIG. 4C is a diagram illustrating yet another example 403 ofcommunications between wireless communication devices in an embodimentof a wireless communication system. This diagram shows communicationbeing supported between the AP and a third group of wirelesscommunication devices that includes STA2, STA3, and STA4.

FIG. 4D is a diagram illustrating yet another example 404 ofcommunications between wireless communication devices in an embodimentof a wireless communication system. This diagram shows communicationbeing supported between the AP and a fourth group of wirelesscommunication devices that includes STA1 through STAn.

In FIGS. 4A-4D, four separate wireless communication device groups areshown, wherein the AP uses beacons that include restricted access window(RAW) information elements (IEs). For example, if the AP transmitsbeacons including RAW IEs indicating the RAWs for these STAs tocommunicate with the AP, then a first beacon could include a RAW IEspecifying RAWs for group 1 (e.g., STA1 and STA2 of FIG. 4A). As anotherexample, the AP transmits a second beacon that includes a RAW IEspecifying RAWs for STA2 and STAn for FIG. 4B. The AP would alsotransmit respective beacons for the groups of FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of beacons that mayinclude more than one delivery traffic indication message (DTIM)sub-structure. The top of this diagram shows beacons transmitted from anAP as a function of time. Generally, a traffic indication map (TIM) ordelivery traffic indication message (DTIM) may be included as aninformation element within any given beacon to indicate that the APincludes one or more buffered frames intended for a STA. In thisexample, the first, fourth, and seventh beacon are shown to include aTIM or DTIM indicating the AP has one or more buffered frames intendedfor a STA.

In an example of using beacons, any one or more respective wirelesscommunication devices (e.g., STAs) within a wireless communicationnetwork (e.g., a basic services set (BSS), etc.) may operate to listenfor a beacon before a listen interval, and the network coordinator ormanager (e.g., an access point (AP)) may periodically send such a bitmapon one or more of its respective begins as an information element (IE).The bit mask is called the traffic indication map (TIM) and may consistof a particular number of bits (e.g., 2008 in one embodiment), such thateach respective bit represents the association ID (AID) of a particularone of the wireless communication devices (e.g., STAs). In certainembodiments, a smaller TIM bitmap may be employed if it is expected thatless than all of the wireless communication devices (e.g., STAs) will beawake such that certain of them may be asleep. In certain situations,bitmap values passed within the TIM information element may be referredto as a partial virtual bitmap, and in such situations in whichtransmission of only a partial bitmap is employed, additional fields(e.g., bitmap control in length) of the TIM information element mayoptionally be employed to accommodate this particular operational mode.

In another example of using beacons, when a wireless communicationdevice awakens from a sleep or reduced power state, it may determinewhether or not a corresponding AID value associated therewith (e.g.,within the TIM) is set that indicates the AP has one or more bufferedframes intended for it. Also, a delivery traffic indication message(DTIM) may employed so that a given wireless communication device isprovided a suggested wait time, and such a suggested wait time may beviewed as being a multiple integer of the beacon interval. For example,a given wireless communication device may be directed to awaken everyNth beacon interval (e.g., where N=2, 3, 4, and/or any other integervalue etc., for awakening at suggested times) so that that particularwireless communication device need not necessarily awaken each and everybeacon interval and attempt to process information associated with thebeacon (e.g., such as monitoring its respective AID value therein). Thebottom portion of the diagram shows four different wirelesscommunication device groups that will communicate with the AP atdifferent respective times. Each respective beacon may include more thanone DTIM sub-structure to indicate more than one wireless communicationdevice group that is to communicate within that beacon interval. Such abeacon will include a RAW IE that specifies the appropriate RAWs duringwhich the wireless communication device groups may communicate with theAP.

As also mentioned above, there may be multiple respective streams ordata flows (upstream and/or downstream) associated with the variouswireless communication devices (e.g., STAs, SMSTAs, etc.) within a givenwireless communication network (e.g., a basic services set (BSS), etc.).Also, different respective streams or data flows may have differentrespective characteristics (e.g., periodicities which may be greaterthan or less than a beacon interval (BI), different respective offsets,etc.). With different respective periodicities associated with differentrespective streams, more than one respective stream may align togetherat any given DTIM. Also, since different respective streams may havedifferent respective offsets (e.g., even if such different respectivestreams have the same periodicity), streams having a common periodicitymay be relatively offset with respect to each other. This DTIM relatedinformation is included within a RAW of a RAW IE.

Moreover, different respective streams may be made in differentrespective directions (e.g., some streams uplink only, others streamsdownlink only, while other streams corresponding to both uplink anddownlink). Also, different respective communications may have differentrespective packet durations (e.g., depending on the amount ofinformation to be conveyed in one or both directions).

For example, when operating in accordance with DTIM functionalityassociated with one or more beacons, a given wireless communicationdevice will awaken at those particular beacon times or beacon intervalscorresponding thereto.

Referring again to the bottom portion of the diagram, more than onerespective DTIM sub-structure may be included within a beacon, and agiven wireless communication device may be associated with more than onerespective DTIM sub-structure. As such, a given wireless communicationdevice may awaken based upon different respective DTIM sub-structures(e.g., awaken based upon a first DTIM sub-structure having a firstperiodicity, and also awaken based upon a second DTIM sub-structurehaving a second periodicity, etc.). As may be understood, for differentrespective operations which may be associated with different respectivestreams, the use of employing more than one different respective DTIMsub-structures within a given beacon allows for great selectivity andadaptability in terms of ensuring that any of a number of respectivestreams may be appropriately serviced by one or more wirelesscommunication devices.

Considering the bottom portion of the diagram, looking at the beacon atthe left-hand side of the diagram, two (2) DTIM sub-structures areincluded within the beacon each corresponding to different respectiveperiodicities. A DTIM sub-structure having a periodicity of 1 (e.g., T=1group) occurs at every single beacon or beacon interval. However, theDTIM sub-structure having a periodicity of 3 (e.g., T=3 group 1) occursonly at every third beacon or beacon interval. Also, in the secondleftmost beacon at the left-hand side of the diagram, three (3) DTIMsub-structures are included within the beacon each corresponding todifferent respective periodicities [e.g., the DTIM sub-structure havinga periodicity of 1 (e.g., T=1 group), a DTIM sub-structure having aperiodicity of 7 (e.g., T=7 group), as well as a second DTIMsub-structure having a periodicity of 3 (e.g., T=3 group 2) that isrelatively offset with respect to the DTIM sub-structure having aperiodicity of 3 (e.g., T=3 group 1)].

Also, given the different respective periodicities of differentrespective DTIM groups as well as different respective offsets which maysometimes be associated with different respective DTIM groups, there maybe some instances in which more than one DTIM group coincides at anygiven DTIM, beacon or beacon interval (e.g., for example, the DTIMsub-structure having a periodicity of 1 (e.g., T=1 group) will actuallycoincide or intersect with each and every other DTIM substructuregroup). Analogously, the DTIM sub-structure having a periodicity of 7(e.g., T=7 group) will coincide or intersect with the DTIM sub-structurehaving a periodicity of 3 (e.g., T=3 group 1) every 21st DTIM, beacon orbeacon interval.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment 600 of a restrictedaccess window (RAW) information element (IE), within a beacon managementframe, that includes per group DTIM information. The top of the diagramshows a general format of a management frame. Generally speaking, aframe employed within such wireless communications includes thefollowing basic components: media access control (MAC) header, a framebody, and a frame check sequence (FCS). In certain embodiments, the MACheader includes fields for each of frame control (FC), duration(DUR/ID), address (e.g., receiver and/or transmitter addresses),sequence control information, optional Quality of Service (QoS) Controlinformation (e.g., for QoS data frames only), and HT Control fields(+HTC frames only) (optional fields). Note that such a frame structureis illustrative and an example of such a frame structure, andalternative embodiments of frame structures may also be employed.

Generally speaking, at least one restricted access window (RAW)information element (IE) is included in the beacon frame body to specifyany number of restricted access windows (RAWs) as well as thecorresponding DTIM sub-structure associated therewith. As may beunderstood, a given DTIM has an associated sub-structure associated withit, and each one also is associated with a given wireless communicationdevice group (or stream group). Correlation between those wirelesscommunication devices associated with a given group ensurescommunications are performed appropriately so that all associatedstreams related to a given DTIM group are appropriately serviced. Also,one or more DTIM parameters may be included for each respectiverestricted access window (RAW). For example, GDP is the count of BIsbetween successive DTIMs for this group. If GDP=1, then this group has aRAW every target beacon transmission time (TBTT). If GDP=2, then thisgroup has a RAW every other TBTT. Group ID (or GROUP ID) for a RAWimplies that this is a DTIM, no DTIM count needed.

Again, each RAW corresponds to one respective wireless communicationdevice group. For example, in certain embodiments, for each respectiveRAW, one respective association ID (AID) or group AID (e.g., a wirelesscommunication device group) may be employed such that each respectivegroup will have a RAW following the corresponding and associated beaconincluding the DTIM sub-structure associated therewith. As such, DTIMinformation may be associated on a per group basis among the respectivewireless communication devices within the system.

FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment 700 of a RAW IE, within a beaconmanagement frame, that indicates sub-beacon interval (sub-BI)periodicity. In situations in which a particular stream's periodicity isless than the beacon interval (BI), a corresponding group may beimplemented within associated more than one restricted access window(RAW) within a single DTIM. For example, considering a particular group,Group=5, with a periodicity of 10.035 ms, and an associated beaconinterval of 100.352 ms (i.e., 98×1024), and with a DTIM periodicity=1,then 10 restricted access windows (RAWs) per DTIM (e.g., 10 RAWs withinone respective beacon interval (BI). There may be a significant amountof overhead if individual RAWs are created and included for eachrepetition of the RAW within the BI.

It is noted within this particular diagram as well as with respect toothers, any desired respective sizes of the respective fields thereinmay be employed in various embodiments (e.g., a great deal of latitudeis left to implementation design and selection such as may be determinedby a designer or implementer of such functionality within one or morerespective wireless communication devices within a wirelesscommunication system). For example, in one possible embodiment, thegroup DTIM period (GDP) may include 15 bits, the group repetition count(GRC) may include 4 bits, and the group repetition period (GRP) mayinclude 8 bits. The GRC is a count of group RAW repetitions for this BI.For example, if GRC=0, there is one repetition (1×) of RAW within thisBI. If GRC=1, 2× of RAW within this BI, and so on. GRP is the period ofgroup RAW repetitions for this BI.

An example of the size of GDP (Group DTIM Period) field being 15 bits isshown below:

-   -   10 seconds×+/−20 ppm=400 microseconds    -   100 seconds×+/−20 ppm=4 milliseconds (1.7 minutes)    -   1000 seconds×+/−20 ppm=40 milliseconds (17 minutes)    -   3600 seconds×+/−20 ppm=144 milliseconds (1 Hour)    -   BI 100.352 milliseconds    -   Group DTIM period larger than 3600 seconds is not useful because        of clock drift    -   3600/100.352e−3=36,000 which is close to 32767 which is 15 bits

Considering this example above, if the beacon interval (BI) were toincrease, then the GDP field may also need to increase correspondingly.

An example of the size of GRC (Group Repetition Count) field being 4bits is shown below:

-   -   BI 100.352 milliseconds    -   Minimum stream periodicity ˜10 milliseconds    -   Maximum GRC 100/10=10=4 bits    -   If BI increases, then GRC might need to increase        correspondingly.

Considering this example above as well, if the BI were to increase, thenthe GRC field may also need to increase.

Also, an example of the size of GRP (Group Repetition Period) fieldbeing 8 bits is shown below:

-   -   Typical BI 100.352 milliseconds    -   Maximum stream repetition period equal to maximum BI    -   Resolution 0.5 milliseconds    -   100/0.5=200 round up to 255 which is 8 bits

Similarly, considering this example above as well, if the BI were toincrease, then the GRP field may also need to increase.

In certain possible embodiments, four (4) respective bytes may be addedper RAW description; however, not all respective RAWs necessarily needthis description. In one possible embodiment, one respective bit may beadded to the RAW description to indicate a presence of GRC and GRPfields so that those respective fields may be appropriately handled inthose situations in which they do in fact occur.

FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment 800 of a RAW IE, within a beaconmanagement frame, that includes a group repetition count (GRC) and/orgroup repetition period (GRP) added present bit and/or information. Thisrespective diagram shows the inclusion of a RiP bit to indicate whetheror not any repetition information is present, and this may signal thepresence or absence of the respective GRC and GRP fields.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method 900 forexecution by one or more wireless communication devices. The method 900begins by generating a plurality of beacons having a plurality ofrestricted access window (RAW) information elements (IEs) that specify aplurality of RAWs for a plurality of wireless communication devicegroups to communicate with the wireless communication device, as shownin a block 910. The method 900 then operates by transmitting theplurality of beacons to a plurality of wireless communication devices,as shown in a block 920.

The method 900 then continues by supporting first communications with afirst wireless communication device group during first RAWs having afirst delivery traffic indication message (DTIM) periodicity, as shownin a block 930. Also, the method 900 operates by supporting secondcommunications with a second wireless communication device group duringsecond RAWs having a second DTIM periodicity, as shown in a block 940.

It is noted that the various operations and functions described withinvarious methods herein may be performed within a wireless communicationdevice (e.g., such as by the baseband processing module 264, theprocessing module 250 as described with reference to FIG. 2) and/orother components therein. Generally, a communication interface andprocessor in a wireless communication device can perform suchoperations.

Examples of some components may include one of more baseband processingmodules, one or more media access control (MAC) layers, one or morephysical layers (PHYs), and/or other components, etc. For example, sucha baseband processing module (sometimes in conjunction with a radio,analog front end (AFE), etc.) can generate such signals, frames, etc. asdescribed herein as well as perform various operations described hereinand/or their respective equivalents.

In some embodiments, such a baseband processing module and/or aprocessing module (which may be implemented in the same device orseparate devices) can perform such processing to generate signals fortransmission to another wireless communication device using any numberof radios and antennae. In some embodiments, such processing isperformed cooperatively by a processor in a first device and anotherprocessor within a second device. In other embodiments, such processingis performed wholly by a processor within one device.

The present invention has been described herein with reference to atleast one embodiment. Such embodiment(s) of the present invention havebeen described with the aid of structural components illustratingphysical and/or logical components and with the aid of method stepsillustrating the performance of specified functions and relationshipsthereof. The boundaries and sequence of these functional building blocksand method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for convenience ofdescription. Alternate boundaries and sequences can be defined so longas the specified functions and relationships are appropriatelyperformed. Any such alternate boundaries or sequences are thus withinthe scope and spirit of the claims that follow. Further, the boundariesof these functional building blocks have been arbitrarily defined forconvenience of description. Alternate boundaries could be defined aslong as the certain significant functions are appropriately performed.Similarly, flow diagram blocks may also have been arbitrarily definedherein to illustrate certain significant functionality. To the extentused, the flow diagram block boundaries and sequence could have beendefined otherwise and still perform the certain significantfunctionality. Such alternate definitions of both functional buildingblocks and flow diagram blocks and sequences are thus within the scopeand spirit of the claimed invention. One of average skill in the artwill also recognize that the functional building blocks, and otherillustrative blocks, modules and components herein, can be implementedas illustrated or by discrete components, application specificintegrated circuits, processors executing appropriate software and thelike or any combination thereof.

As may also be used herein, the terms “processing module,” “processingcircuit,” “processing circuitry,” “processing unit” and/or “processor”may be a single processing device or a plurality of processing devices.Such a processing device may be a microprocessor, micro-controller,digital signal processor, microcomputer, central processing unit, fieldprogrammable gate array, programmable logic device, state machine, logiccircuitry, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or any device thatmanipulates signals (analog and/or digital) based on hard coding of thecircuitry and/or operational instructions. The processing module,module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit may be, or furtherinclude, memory and/or an integrated memory element, which may be asingle memory device, a plurality of memory devices, and/or embeddedcircuitry of another processing module, module, processing circuit,and/or processing unit. Such a memory device may be a read-only memory,random access memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, staticmemory, dynamic memory, flash memory, cache memory, and/or any devicethat stores digital information. Note that if the processing module,module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit includes more thanone processing device, the processing devices may be centrally located(e.g., directly coupled together via a wired and/or wireless busstructure) or may be distributedly located (e.g., cloud computing viaindirect coupling via a local area network and/or a wide area network).Further note that if the processing module, module, processing circuit,and/or processing unit implements one or more of its functions via astate machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logiccircuitry, the memory and/or memory element storing the correspondingoperational instructions may be embedded within, or external to, thecircuitry comprising the state machine, analog circuitry, digitalcircuitry, and/or logic circuitry. Still further note that, the memoryelement may store, and the processing module, module, processingcircuit, and/or processing unit executes, hard coded and/or operationalinstructions corresponding to at least some of the steps and/orfunctions illustrated in one or more of the Figures. Such a memorydevice or memory element can be included in an article of manufacture.

As may also be used herein, the term(s) “configured to”, “operablycoupled to”, “coupled to”, and/or “coupling” includes direct couplingbetween items and/or indirect coupling between items via an interveningitem (e.g., an item includes, but is not limited to, a component, anelement, a circuit, and/or a module) where, for an example of indirectcoupling, the intervening item does not modify the information of asignal but may adjust its current level, voltage level, and/or powerlevel. As may further be used herein, inferred coupling (i.e., where oneelement is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct andindirect coupling between two items in the same manner as “coupled to”.As may even further be used herein, the term “configured to”, “operableto”, “coupled to”, or “operably coupled to” indicates that an itemincludes one or more of power connections, input(s), output(s), etc., toperform, when activated, one or more its corresponding functions and mayfurther include inferred coupling to one or more other items. As maystill further be used herein, the term “associated with”, includesdirect and/or indirect coupling of separate items and/or one item beingembedded within another item.

Unless specifically stated to the contra, signals to, from, and/orbetween elements in a figure of any of the figures presented herein maybe analog or digital, continuous time or discrete time, and single-endedor differential. For instance, if a signal path is shown as asingle-ended path, it also represents a differential signal path.Similarly, if a signal path is shown as a differential path, it alsorepresents a single-ended signal path. While one or more particulararchitectures are described herein, other architectures can likewise beimplemented that use one or more data buses not expressly shown, directconnectivity between elements, and/or indirect coupling between otherelements as recognized by one of average skill in the art.

The term “module” is used in the description of one or more of theembodiments. A module includes a processing module, a functional block,hardware, and/or software stored on memory for performing one or morefunctions as may be described herein. Note that, if the module isimplemented via hardware, the hardware may operate independently and/orin conjunction with software and/or firmware. As also used herein, amodule may contain one or more sub-modules, each of which may be one ormore modules.

While particular combinations of various functions and features of theone or more embodiments have been expressly described herein, othercombinations of these features and functions are likewise possible. Thepresent disclosure of an invention is not limited by the particularexamples disclosed herein and expressly incorporates these othercombinations.

What is claimed is:
 1. A wireless communication device comprising: aprocessor configured to: receive a plurality of frames from anotherwireless communication device; identify a plurality of restricted accesswindows (RAWs) specified within the plurality of frames; process theplurality of RAWs to determine whether the plurality of RAWs specifythat the wireless communication device is included within at least onegroup of a plurality of wireless communication device groups tocommunicate with the another wireless communication device; and supportcommunications with the another wireless communication device during asubset of RAWs within the plurality of RAWs having a delivery trafficindication message (DTIM) periodicity when there is a determination thatthe wireless communication device is included within the at least onegroup of the plurality of wireless communication device groups tocommunicate with the another wireless communication device.
 2. Thewireless communication device of claim 1, wherein the processor isfurther configured to: process the plurality of RAWs to determinewhether the plurality of RAWs specify that the wireless communicationdevice is included within at least one additional group of the pluralityof wireless communication device groups to communicate with the anotherwireless communication device; and support communications with theanother wireless communication device during another subset of RAWswithin the plurality of RAWs having another DTIM periodicity when thereis the determination that the wireless communication device is includedwithin the at least one additional group of the plurality of wirelesscommunication device groups to communicate with the another wirelesscommunication device.
 3. The wireless communication device of claim 2,wherein the DTIM periodicity is a base DTIM periodicity, and the anotherDTIM periodicity is a positive integer multiple of the base DTIMperiodicity.
 4. The wireless communication device of claim 1, whereinthe processor is further configured to: identify a plurality ofrestricted access window (RAW) information elements (IEs) within theplurality of frames; and process the plurality of RAW IEs to determinethe plurality of RAWs.
 5. The wireless communication device of claim 1,wherein the processor is further configured to: process a first frame ofthe plurality of frames to identify a first RAW information element (IE)that specifies a first RAW of the plurality of RAWs for a first group ofa plurality of wireless communication device groups; and process asecond frame of the plurality of frames to identify a second RAW IE thatspecifies a second RAW of the plurality of RAWs for a second group ofthe plurality of wireless communication device groups.
 6. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 1, wherein the processor is furtherconfigured to: receive a plurality of frames from the another wirelesscommunication device, wherein the plurality of frames includes aplurality of beacons; and process the plurality of beacons to identifythe plurality of RAWs.
 7. The wireless communication device of claim 1further comprising: a wireless station (STA), wherein the anotherwireless communication device includes an access point (AP), anotherSTA, or a smart meter station (SMSTA).
 8. The wireless communicationdevice of claim 1 further comprising: a smart meter station (SMSTA),wherein the another wireless communication device includes an accesspoint (AP), another SMSTA, or a wireless station (STA).
 9. A wirelesscommunication device comprising: a processor configured to: receive aplurality of beacons from another wireless communication device;identify a plurality of restricted access windows (RAWs) specifiedwithin the plurality of beacons; process the plurality of RAWs todetermine whether the plurality of RAWs specify that the wirelesscommunication device is included within at least one of a first group ora second group of a plurality of wireless communication device groups tocommunicate with the another wireless communication device; supportcommunications with the another wireless communication device during afirst subset of RAWs within the plurality of RAWs having a firstdelivery traffic indication message (DTIM) periodicity when there is afirst determination that the wireless communication device is includedwithin the first group of the plurality of wireless communication devicegroups to communicate with the another wireless communication device;and support communications with the another wireless communicationdevice during a second subset of RAWs within the plurality of RAWshaving a second DTIM periodicity there is a second determination thatthe wireless communication device is included within the second group ofthe plurality of wireless communication device groups to communicatewith the another wireless communication device.
 10. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 9, wherein the first DTIM periodicity is abase DTIM periodicity, and the second DTIM periodicity is a positiveinteger multiple of the base DTIM periodicity.
 11. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 9, wherein the processor is furtherconfigured to: process a first beacon of the plurality of beacons toidentify a first RAW information element (IE) that specifies a first RAWof the plurality of RAWs for the first group of a plurality of wirelesscommunication device groups; and process a second beacon of theplurality of beacons to identify a second RAW IE that specifies a secondRAW of the plurality of RAWs for the second group of the plurality ofwireless communication device groups.
 12. The wireless communicationdevice of claim 9 further comprising: a wireless station (STA), whereinthe another wireless communication device includes an access point (AP),another STA, or a smart meter station (SMSTA).
 13. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 9 further comprising: a smart meterstation (SMSTA), wherein the another wireless communication deviceincludes an access point (AP), another SMSTA, or a wireless station(STA).
 14. A method for execution by a wireless communication device,the method comprising: receiving, via a communication interface of thewireless communication device, a plurality of frames from anotherwireless communication device; identifying a plurality of restrictedaccess windows (RAWs) specified within the plurality of frames;processing the plurality of RAWs to determine whether the plurality ofRAWs specify that the wireless communication device is included withinat least one group of a plurality of wireless communication devicegroups to communicate with the another wireless communication device;and supporting communications with the another wireless communicationdevice during a subset of RAWs within the plurality of RAWs having adelivery traffic indication message (DTIM) periodicity when there is adetermination that the wireless communication device is included withinthe at least one group of the plurality of wireless communication devicegroups to communicate with the another wireless communication device.15. The method of claim 14 further comprising: processing the pluralityof RAWs to determine whether the plurality of RAWs specify that thewireless communication device is included within at least one additionalgroup of the plurality of wireless communication device groups tocommunicate with the another wireless communication device; andsupporting communications with the another wireless communication deviceduring another subset of RAWs within the plurality of RAWs havinganother DTIM periodicity when there is the determination that thewireless communication device is included within the at least oneadditional group of the plurality of wireless communication devicegroups to communicate with the another wireless communication device.16. The method of claim 15, wherein the DTIM periodicity is a base DTIMperiodicity, and the another DTIM periodicity is a positive integermultiple of the base DTIM periodicity.
 17. The method of claim 14further comprising: identifying a plurality of restricted access window(RAW) information elements (IEs) within the plurality of frames; andprocessing the plurality of RAW IEs to determine the plurality of RAWs.18. The method of claim 14 further comprising: processing a first frameof the plurality of frames to identify a first RAW information element(IE) that specifies a first RAW of the plurality of RAWs for a firstgroup of a plurality of wireless communication device groups; andprocessing a second frame of the plurality of frames to identify asecond RAW IE that specifies a second RAW of the plurality of RAWs for asecond group of the plurality of wireless communication device groups.19. The method of claim 14 further comprising: receiving a plurality offrames from the another wireless communication device, wherein theplurality of frames includes a plurality of beacons; and processing theplurality of beacons to identify the plurality of RAWs.
 20. The methodof claim 14, wherein the wireless communication device is a wirelessstation (STA), wherein the another wireless communication deviceincludes an access point (AP), another STA, or a smart meter station(SMSTA).